Study Guide for Chapter 1

1.         What is trepanation and what does it imply?

2.         Aristotle (arguably a smart man), believed that the brain functioned for what purpose? Although he was wrong, it’s important to note that he did use logic to arrive at this conclusion.

3.         To Galen and others of his time, what determined how the body functioned? What part(s) of the brain did Galen feel were most important?

4.         Since prevailing technology tends to drive scientific exploration and description, how did Benjamin Franklin contribute to neuroscience?

5.         Franz Gall developed the technique of phrenology in an attempt to correlate brain regions with behaviors. Was Gall correct? Why or why not? What is the current position on the relationship between brain localization and behavior?

6.         Charles Darwin is credited for many things, one of them being a “founding father” of neuroscience. How did Darwin’s theories of evolution impact psychology, especially neuroscience?

7.         What are the different levels of analysis employed in neuroscience? What is the difference between a clinical neuroscientist and an experimental neuroscientist?

8.         Your authors discuss the criteria that must be met by researchers using animal subjects. Broadly, the ethical code is broken down into three primary statements (see page 17). Make sure you know these three statements.

9.         Is there a difference between animal welfare and animal rights?

--You should also complete the review questions at the end of the chapter.--